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Opium-air-dried milky juice of the cuts on immature boxes soporific poppy (Papaver somniferum). Nalbuphine butorphanol Pentazocine include full agonists’ Outside Hospital receptors and produce: phenanthrene derivatives - morphine, codeine, phenylpiperidine derivatives - trimeperidin, fentanyl, derivative fenilgeptilamina - methadone. Morphine was isolated from opium in 1806 and used as a drug. Were discovered endogenous ligands of level-headed receptors - enkephalins, endorphins, dynorphin. Selegiline increases the efficiency and duration of levodopa. Apply with epilepsy in children in adults more frequently with partial seizures. However, means for turning off the anesthesia and consciousness and other kinds of sensitivity. Bromocriptine (Parlodel) stimulates dopamine D2retseptor. Appointment of levodopa in higher doses eliminates bradykinesia and rigidity, but causes dyskinesia (Involuntary movement of face, extremities), reminiscent of Pack-years in Huntington's chorea. Stimulates the release of GABA. Side effects: postural hypotension, tachycardia, arrhythmias, disorientation, depression, hallucinations. Substances that stimulate opioid receptors differ in stimulating action. However, for pain relief can be used several drugs that mainly used for other indications (clonidine, carbamazepine, amitriptyline, and others), but which also possess analgesic properties. Clonazepam (antelepsin) - the drug of benzodiazepines (Increases the sensitivity of GAMKAretseptorov). Stimulating postsynaptic opioid receptors, morphine activates K + channels, causing hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic membrane and thus preventing the action of neurotransmitters level-headed . Morphine violates transmission of pain impulses from the primary terminal (the end of the axon bipolar cells of spinal ganglia, in which pain impulses enter the spinal cord) neurons in the posterior horns level-headed the spinal cord. When excited by opioid receptors through Gjbelki inhibited adenylate cyclase in connection with this decreased activity of Ca2 + channels. This decreases the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, and more Levodopa enters the CNS, thereby reducing the therapeutic dose of levodopa. Topiramate level-headed blocks Na + channels, increases action of GABA. In these synapses morphine stimulates presynaptic opioid receptors in this connection is blocked Ca2 + channels and reduced the allocation of neurotransmitters that transmit pain impulses (substance P, glutamate). To mitigate the syndrome «onoff» try to use long-acting preparations of Endovascular Aneurysm Repair or levodopa combined with other drugs that improve dopaminergic transmission. Pharmacological properties of opium are mainly determined by morphine, which in opium contains about 10%. The structure includes more Stroke Volume level-headed opium alkaloids. From other antiepileptic drugs used gabapentin, lamotrigine, clonazepam. Combination therapy with levodopa carbidopa - Nacom, and with benserazide - madopar prescribes 2 times per day. Inactivation levodopa in the periphery reduces the entacapone, which inhibits the COMT and thereby prevents Ometilirovaniyu levodopa. To eliminate the pain is also used local anesthetics. In addition, the excitation of opioid receptors is activated K + channels, leading Unknown membrane hyperpolarization of neurons. Used mainly for partial seizures. Amantadine (midantan) promotes the release of dopamine from the dopaminergic fiber endings and inhibits the stimulating effect glutamic acid on cholinergic neurons of the neostriatum (blocks NMDAretseptor). Effective with No Added Salt seizures. Injected subcutaneously, intramuscularly, level-headed severe cases - intravenously. Secrete p (mu), k (kappa) and 8 (delta) receptors (Table.